Short cycling can be a real headache for anyone who relies on their water pump for daily use. When the well pump frequently turns on and off, it’s a clear sign that something is wrong. This constant switching of the pump not only leads to irregular water flow but also increases the risk of premature wear on the motor, which can cause significant problems down the line. 

If your pump keeps cycling, it’s crucial to pay attention immediately. Often, it’s a cause of a much bigger issue that requires prompt action. Ignoring it may worsen the consequences. Fortunately, there are several reasons behind this problem, and many of them can be fixed with the right approach. In my experience, addressing these issues quickly will help fix them before they spiral out of control.

What is Well Pump Short Cycling?

Well pump short cycling happens when your pump turns ON and OFF repeatedly within a short period, which can lead to an underlying issue that disrupts the normal functionality of the system. Typically, the well pump should run for a few minutes and then stay off for a longer duration based on your water usage. 

However, if the well pump cycles too frequently, this could indicate a problem, such as malfunctioning pressure sensing or a pressure switch failure. Modern pumps use a pressure switch to monitor the water level in the reservoir and ensure the pump only runs when the pressure is low.

Under normal conditions, the pump should turn ON when the pressure is low, pumping enough water into the reservoir until the pressure rises to a level that automatically turns the pump off. If the pump starts switching between ON and OFF positions continuously, it’s a sign that the pressure isn’t being monitored accurately, which puts stress on the pump and its components. Over time, this can lead to costly repairs if not fixed in a timely manner, as the system will undergo excessive cycling and wear down faster.

How to Fix Short Cycling Well Pump Issues

When dealing with well pump short cycling, it’s important to understand that a systematic approach is necessary to identify the root cause. Whether you are facing issues with frequent pump cycling or it simply won’t stay on long enough, these steps will guide you to resolve the problem effectively.

Inspecting the Pressure Tank and Waterlogging

Start by checking the pressure tank for any waterlogging. To do this, begin by draining the tank. Afterward, turn off the well pump and use a tire gauge to measure the air pressure. Ensure that there are at least two pressure points lower than the cut-in pressure of the switch. If the readings are off, it’s time to add air using an air compressor. This simple fix can sometimes resolve the issue of short cycling.

Evaluating the Air Volume Control

The next thing to inspect is the air volume control. This component plays a vital role in maintaining the correct pressure balance. Make sure it’s operating correctly. If you notice any malfunction, replace it to restore proper function and prevent the pump from short cycling.

Testing and Adjusting the Pressure Switch

Your pressure switch is another critical component to check. Begin by ensuring that there is enough space between the cut-in and cut-out pressure levels. Ideally, there should be a difference of 20 psi between them. 

If the settings are incorrect, check and adjust accordingly. If the switch seems broken or malfunctioning, replace it. Be sure to turn off the electricity before removing the switch cover and swapping in a new one.

Checking for Leaks in Pipes and Connections

Another common issue could be leaks in your system. Inspect the pipes and connections to identify any visible leaks. Small cracks in the piping can lead to pressure loss, causing the pump to cycle more frequently. If you find any readily apparent leaks, make sure to fix them immediately.

Examining the Check Valve and Pressure Gauge

To ensure the well pump is functioning properly, test the check valve. If the pressure gauge shows a drop in pressure, this may indicate that the check valve is defective. Replacing the valve can prevent short cycling by maintaining a steady pressure in the system.

Assessing the Pump Size and Condition

The size of the pump is another factor that can contribute to short cycling. If the pump is too large or old, it may be cycling unnecessarily. It’s a good idea to evaluate the pump size and condition. If the pump is outdated or shows signs of wear and tear, consider swapping it out for a proper size that fits the needs of your system.

By taking these steps, you can effectively address well pump short cycling issues and ensure that your system operates smoothly without frequent interruptions.

Common Causes of Well Pump Short Cycling

Loss of Air Charge

One of the most common reasons for a water pump short cycling is a loss of air charge in the system. This issue tends to affect older, non-bladder types of water pressure tanks. If you notice that the condensation line is positioned in the upper portion of the tank, this is an indication that there isn’t enough air reserve left, leading to a pump that constantly runs on and off.

To resolve this issue, check the air volume control valve. If it’s dirty or leaking, clean and fix it. Afterward, use a bicycle pump to add air through the water tank air inlet valve. Make sure to drain some water from the tank to make space for the air. This simple procedure should help restore normal function to your pump and prevent it from short cycling again.

Water Pump Control Switch Issues

Even if you have enough air in the system, your pump could still short cycle if there is a problem with the water pump control switch. Sometimes, this happens due to a faulty or clogged switch. If your water has silt, debris, or high mineral content, it could block the switch, preventing it from operating properly. In such cases, it’s essential to either replace or repair the switch. Doing so will help restore normal function and eliminate the short cycling problem.

Clogged Water Supply Piping

Clogged water sewer pipes can also cause your water pump to short cycle. When these pipes become obstructed, they create high water pressure rapidly. A good way to check if this is the problem is by inspecting the water filter. If the filter is dirty or blocked, replace it, and this might just be the solution to getting your system back to normal operation and restoring function.

Too Much Air in the Tank

Another issue to consider is having too much air in the system, which is known as overcharging. This typically happens in captive air water tanks, which don’t have a mechanism to release excess air. Overcharging the system can lead to damage to the water tank and may even break the bladder. 

If you suspect you’ve overcharged the system, turn off the pump, release the excess air, and reset the air pressure tank to the factory specified pressure. This will help prevent further issues and restore proper function.

Well Pump Short Cycling: Possible Repercussions from Short Cycling of the Well Pump

When it comes to well pump short cycling, many homeowners tend to overlook the issue, assuming it’s just a brief, harmless cycle. However, neglecting brief cycles can have serious long-term effects on the well pump, leading to a number of well pump problems. It’s important to understand how this seemingly small issue can escalate into bigger, costlier concerns.

Increased Wear and Tear on the Pump

Frequent short cycling puts unnecessary strain on the pump, leading to increased wear and tear. As the pump turns on and off repeatedly, it doesn’t get the chance to operate at its full potential. This constant stress dramatically shortens its pump lifespan, making it more prone to malfunction and failure. From my experience, a pump that is constantly cycling can often feel like it’s being overworked, and this stress can be damaging to both the pump and its components.

Higher Energy Bills

Another important consequence of well pump short cycling is the impact on your energy consumption. The continuous cycling of the pump increases electricity consumption, especially when there is a frequent beginning and ending cycle. 

The pump doesn’t have enough time to operate efficiently, and as a result, you’ll notice a spike in your energy expenses. I’ve worked with clients who didn’t realize how much they were paying until their utility bills started increasing unexpectedly.

System Failure

While the pump may continue functioning in the short term, short cycling can eventually lead to system failure. The wear caused by this behavior affects essential components, like pressure switches and the pressure tank, which could need expensive repairs or even full replacements. Trust me, repairing a well pump after it’s suffered from repeated cycles can be costly, and often, parts may need to be replaced entirely.

Water Supply Issues

Perhaps one of the most frustrating side effects of short cycling is the effect it has on your water supply. You may start noticing irregular water supply and inconsistent pressure. This can interfere with basic everyday tasks, such as showering, cooking, or washing the dishes. The constant on-off action of the pump creates inconsistent pressure, leading to discomfort. I’ve seen how inconvenient this can be for families who rely on a steady water supply.

Well Pump Short Cycling: Preventative Maintenance Tips

To prevent well pump short cycling and ensure the effectiveness of your well system, regular maintenance is key. Here are a few simple tips to help you keep everything running smoothly.

Regularly Check the Pressure Tank

It’s important to check the pressure tank regularly to maintain the proper air pressure and volume control. Keeping the tank in good shape prevents unnecessary cycling and ensures the system runs efficiently.

Monitor the Pressure Switch

Make sure the pressure switch is configured and working correctly. This prevents the well pump from cycling too often and keeps the system operating as intended. Monitor the switch periodically to avoid issues.

Inspect for Leaks in the Plumbing System

Frequent inspection of your plumbing system for leaks is essential. Leaks can cause pressure loss, triggering well pump short cycling. If you find any, be sure to fix them right away.

Schedule Professional Inspections

To keep things in top shape, schedule professional inspections of your well system once a year. A professional can spot early problems and ensure the system is working as intended, avoiding costly repairs later.

Well Pump Short Cycling: Need Help in Selecting the Right Pump?

Dealing with well pump short cycling can adversely affect water flow and the overall pump health. If your reservoirs become over-pressurized, it can turn dangerous. These issues should be handled by a professional to ensure everything is running smoothly. 

At Hayes, we are a factory-trained and authorized repair center for various pump manufacturers. With years of experience, our skilled technicians can resolve pump issues swiftly, offering the best repair help for your needs.

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